Miscellaneous antituberculosis agents
What are Miscellaneous antituberculosis agents?
Ethambutol is classed as a miscellaneous antituberculosis agent. It is taken up by the Mycobacterium and inhibits bacterial growth. It is a bacteriostatic antibiotic. Resistant strains emerge quickly if this drug is used on its own so it is best used in combination with other antituberculosis medicines.
- Rifampin (RIF),
- Isoniazid (INH),
- Pyrazinamide (PZA), and.
- Ethambutol (EMB)
Standard first‐line treatment for drug‐sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis for six months comprises isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol (HRZE) for two months, followed by HRE (in areas of high TB drug resistance) or HR, given over a four‐month continuation phase.
Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR TB) – Options for Treatment. Bedaquiline and Delamanid are new drugs. Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide, Thioamides, Cycloserine, Para-aminosalicylic acid, Streptomycin, and Clofazimine are possibly effective.
For initial empiric treatment of TB, start patients on a 4-drug regimen: isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol.
They include antiseptics, antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals and antiparasitics. Disinfectants are antimicrobial agents applied to non-living surfaces.
Rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol are first-line antitubercular medications, which are FDA-approved and indicated for the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections.





