Mydriatics
What are Mydriatics?
Mydriatics are a type of medicine that make the pupil of the eye dilate (open up). Mydriatics also tend to relax the focusing muscles of the eye, which means that blurred vision is a common side effect.
Topical mydriatics are used during an eye examination to allow visualization of the retina and other structures deep within the eye. Mydriatics may also be used to treat inflammatory eye conditions such as iritis and cyclitis and to reduce cycloplegia (a painful paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye).
Mydriatics, such as tropicamide, relax the iris sphincter which is innervated by the parasympathetic nervous system. Other mydriatics, such as phenylephrine, dilate the iris through stimulation of alpha adrenoreceptors which are part of the sympathetic nervous system.
Mydriatics are drugs that cause the dilation of the pupil. Pupillary dilation is needed to allow for a more detailed examination of the inner eye. Dilating is also necessary in procedures, such as surgery to correct cataracts, in order for the surgeon to have access to the inner eye.
Atropine is used to produce mydriasis (pupil dilatation) and cycloplegia (paralysis of the ciliary muscle) in order to allow examination of the eye, measurement of refractive errors, and relief from uveitis. It is used as an antispasmodic in the gut and increasingly rarely for preanesthetic medication.
Cycloplegic and mydriatic eye drops are special eye drops used to dilate the pupils and/or relax the eye muscles during an eye exam or other ophthalmic procedure. Cycloplegic drops have a greater impact on relaxing the focusing system. Mydriatic drops have a stronger dilating effect.





