NHE3 inhibitors

What are NHE3 Inhibitors?

NHE3 Inhibitors are a class of medicine that works by inhibiting the Sodium-Proton-Exchanger subtype 3 (NHE3) in the gut. They may be used to treat constipation associated with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation.

NHE3 mediates the exchange of sodium, and sodium is an essential electrolyte in our body that helps maintain water balance, influences blood pressure, and is important for proper muscle and nerve function. High intestinal sodium absorption is one cause of high blood pressure (hypertension).

Medicines that inhibit NHE3 have been shown to reduce high blood pressure and increase the excretion of sodium in the feces, which can soften hard feces, relieving constipation. An improvement is also seen in the functioning of the left ventricle in the heart, but this does not seem to have an effect on the increase and growth of muscle cells (hypertrophy) that ultimately lead to heart enlargement.

The sodium/proton exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3) is expressed in the intestine and the kidney, where it contributes to hydrogen secretion and sodium (re)absorption. The roles of this transporter have been studied by the use of the respective knockout mice and by using pharmacological inhibitors.

What are NHE3 Inhibitors used for?

NHE3 inhibitors may be used for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) in adults.

Are there any Interactions with NHE3 Inhibitors?

There are no known interactions with NHE3 inhibitors.

What are the Side Effects of NHE3 inhibitors?

Side effects of NHE3 inhibitors include dehydration (which can be serious in the old or the young), diarrhea, bloating, flatulence, abnormal bowel sounds, low blood pressure, and dizziness.