Clotrimazole is used to treat and prevent yeast infections of the mouth and throat in adults and children older than 3 years.

The clotrimazole lozenge is not absorbed through your stomach. clotrimazole will not treat fungal infections in any other part of your body.

Clotrimazole may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Clotrimazole side effects

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Common side effects of clotrimazole may include:

• abnormal liver function tests;
• nausea, vomiting;
• itching, or
• an unpleasant sensation in the mouth.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.

Warnings

Use only as directed. Tell your doctor if you use other medicines or have other medical conditions or allergies.

Before taking this medicine

You should not use clotrimazole if you are allergic to it.

Tell your doctor if you have ever had liver disease.

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

How should I take clotrimazole?

Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed.

Clotrimazole is usually given 3 to 5 times per day. Allow the lozenge to dissolve slowly in your mouth without chewing.

You may need liver function tests.

Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Avoid freezing.

Clotrimazole dosing information

Usual Adult Dose for Oral Thrush:

Treatment: 10 mg orally 5 times a day for 14 days

Prophylaxis: 10 mg orally 3 times a day for the duration of chemotherapy OR until steroids are reduced to maintenance levels

Comment:
-Safety and efficacy of treatment doses given for a prolonged duration have not been established. Treatment should be limited to short-term use when possible.

Uses:
-Local treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis that has been confirmed by a KOH smear of other culture before treatment.
-Prophylaxis to reduce the incidence of oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients who are immunocompromised (e.g., chemotherapy, radiotherapy, steroid therapy in the treatment of leukemia, solid tumors, or renal transplantation)

Usual Pediatric Dose for Oral Thrush:

3 years and older:
Treatment: 10 mg orally 5 times a day for 14 days

Prophylaxis: 10 mg orally 3 times a day for the duration of chemotherapy OR until steroids are reduced to maintenance levels

Comment:
-Safety and efficacy of treatment doses given for a prolonged duration have not been established. Treatment should be limited to short-term use when possible.

Uses:
-Local treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis that has been confirmed by a KOH smear of other culture before treatment.
-Prophylaxis to reduce the incidence of oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients who are immunocompromised (e.g., chemotherapy, radiotherapy, steroid therapy in the treatment of leukemia, solid tumors, or renal transplantation)

What happens if I miss a dose?

Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time.

What happens if I overdose?

Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line .

What should I avoid while taking clotrimazole?

Follow your doctor’s instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages, or activity.

What other drugs will affect clotrimazole?

Clotrimazole is not absorbed through your stomach and is not likely to be affected by other drugs you use. However, tell your doctor about all your current medicines, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products.

What is itraconazole?

Itraconazole is an antifungal medication that is used in adults to treat infections caused by fungus. This includes infections in any part of the body including the lungs, mouth or throat, toenails, or fingernails.

The Tolsura brand of itraconazole is not for use in treating fungal infections of the fingernails or toenails. Avoid medication errors by using only the brand and strength your doctor prescribes.

Itraconazole may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Itraconazole side effects

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives, severe skin rash, tingling in your arms or legs; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Stop using itraconazole and call your doctor at once if you have signs of congestive heart failure: feeling tired or short of breath, cough with mucus, fast heartbeats, swelling, rapid weight gain, or sleep problems.

Keep taking itraconazole but call your doctor at once if you have:

• confusion, a light-headed feeling (like you might pass out);
• blurred vision, double vision, ringing in your ears, problems with hearing;
• fast heartbeats;
• numbness or tingly feeling, loss of bladder control;
• little or no urinating, pain or burning when you urinate;
• low potassium level–leg cramps, constipation, irregular heartbeats, fluttering in your chest, increased thirst or urination, muscle weakness or limp feeling;
• pancreatitis–severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting; or
• liver problems–nausea, upper stomach pain, tiredness, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).

Common side effects of itraconazole may include:

• headache, dizziness, drowsiness, tiredness;
• increased blood pressure;
• rash, itching;
• nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea, constipation;
• swelling;
• abnormal liver function or blood tests;
• fever, muscle or joint pain;
• unusual or unpleasant taste in your mouth;
• hair loss;
• impotence, erection problems; or
• changes in your menstrual periods.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA .

Warnings

You should not take itraconazole if you have ever had heart failure.

If you have liver or kidney disease, you should not take itraconazole with colchicine, fesoterodine, or solifenacin.

Itraconazole may harm an unborn baby. Avoid getting pregnant while taking itraconazole and for 2 months after your last dose.

Stop using itraconazole and call your doctor at once if you have signs of congestive heart failure: feeling tired or short of breath, cough with mucus, fast heartbeats, swelling, rapid weight gain, or sleep problems.

Life-threatening side effects may occur if you take itraconazole with certain other drugs. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any you start or stop using.

Before taking this medicine

You should not take this medicine if you are allergic to itraconazole or similar medicines such as fluconazole or ketoconazole, or if you have ever had congestive heart failure.

Life-threatening side effects may occur if you take itraconazole with certain other drugs. Your doctor may change your treatment plan if you have used other medicines in the past 2 weeks, especially:

• avanafil;
• cisapride;
• eliglustat;
• irinotecan;
• isavuconazonium;
• methadone;
• naloxegol;
• ranolazine;
• ticagrelor;
• lurasidone or pimozide (anti-psychotic medications);
• lomitapide, lovastatin, simvastatin (cholesterol-lowering medicines);
• dihydroergotamine, ergonovine, ergotamine, or methylergonovine (ergot medicines);
• eplerenone, felodipine, ivabradine, or nisoldipine (heart or blood pressure medicines);
• disopyramide, dofetilide, dronedarone, or quinidine (medicines for heart rhythm disorders); or
• oral midazolam, or triazolam (Valium-like sedatives).

If you have liver or kidney disease, you should not take itraconazole with colchicine, fesoterodine, solifenacin, or telithromycin.

Itraconazole may harm an unborn baby. Use effective birth control to prevent pregnancy while you are using this medicine and for at least 2 months after your last dose. Tell your doctor if you become pregnant.

Tell your doctor if you have ever had:

• heart problems;
• cystic fibrosis or other lung problems;
• liver or kidney disease; or
• a weak immune system.

It may not be safe to breastfeed while using this medicine. Ask your doctor about any risk.

How should I take itraconazole?

Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed.

Do not share itraconazole with another person, even if they have the same symptoms you have.

The itraconazole capsule should be taken with food.

Swallow the capsule whole and do not crush, chew, break, or open it.

Take itraconazole oral solution (liquid) on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal. Swish the liquid in your mouth for several seconds before swallowing it.

Measure liquid medicine carefully. Use the dosing syringe provided, or use a medicine dose-measuring device (not a kitchen spoon).

The Sporanox PulsePak has a special dosing schedule that includes not taking the medicine for several days in a row. Follow all dosing instructions carefully.

Itraconazole capsules should not be used in place of itraconazole oral solution (liquid) if that is what your doctor has prescribed. Avoid medication errors by using only the form and strength your doctor prescribes.

If you also take a stomach acid reducer (Tagamet, Pepcid, Axid, Zantac, and others), take itraconazole with an acidic drink such as non-diet cola.

Use this medicine for the full prescribed length of time, even if your symptoms quickly improve. Skipping doses can increase your risk of infection that is resistant to medication. Itraconazole will not treat a viral infection such as the flu or a common cold.

You may need frequent medical tests.

Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.

What happens if I miss a dose?

Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time.

What happens if I overdose?

Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line .

What should I avoid while taking itraconazole?

Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how itraconazole will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired.

Avoid taking antacids within 1 hour before or 2 hours after you take itraconazole. Some antacids can make it harder for your body to absorb itraconazole.

What other drugs will affect itraconazole?

Sometimes it is not safe to use certain medications at the same time. Some drugs can affect your blood levels of other drugs you take, which may increase side effects or make the medications less effective.

Many drugs can affect itraconazole, and some drugs should not be used at the same time. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any medicine you start or stop using. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. 

What is ketoconazole?

Ketoconazole is an antifungal medication that is used to treat certain infections caused by fungus.

ketoconazole should be used only when you cannot use other antifungal medications. Ketoconazole can cause serious harm to your liver that may result in liver transplant or cause death.

Ketoconazole is not for use in treating fungal infections of the fingernails or toenails. This medicine is also not for use in treating prostate cancer or Cushing syndrome.

Ketoconazole may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Ketoconazole side effects

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction (hives, fever, chest pain, difficult breathing, swelling in your face or throat) or a severe skin reaction (fever, sore throat, burning eyes, skin pain, red or purple skin rash with blistering and peeling).

Ketoconazole may cause serious side effects. Call your doctor at once if you have:

• fast or pounding heartbeats, fluttering in your chest, shortness of breath, and sudden dizziness (like you might pass out);
• unusual weakness or tiredness, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting; or
• liver problems–upper stomach pain, fever, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, or jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).

Common side effects of ketoconazole may include:

• nausea, diarrhea, stomach pain
• breast swelling;
• headache, dizziness; or
• abnormal liver function tests.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA .

Warnings

ketoconazole should be used only when you cannot use other antifungal medications. Ketoconazole can cause serious harm to your liver that may result in liver transplant or cause death.

Call your doctor at once if you have any signs of liver damage, such as nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, fever, tiredness, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, or jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).

Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any you start or stop using. Many drugs can interact, and some drugs should not be used together.

Ketoconazole can also cause a serious heart problem. Call your doctor right away if you have fast or pounding heartbeats, shortness of breath, and sudden dizziness.

Before taking this medicine

You should not use ketoconazole if you are allergic to it, or if you have liver disease.

Some medicines can cause unwanted or dangerous effects when used with ketoconazole. Your doctor may change your treatment plan if you also use:

• cisapride;
• colchicine;
• irinotecan;
• methadone;
• tolvaptan;
• antipsychotic medicine–pimozide, lurasidone;
• cholesterol medication–lovastatin, simvastatin, and others;
• ergot medicine–dihydroergotamine, ergotamine, ergonovine, methylergonovine;
• heart medication–disopyramide, dofetilide, dronedarone, eplerenone, felodipine, nisoldipine, quinidine, ranolazine; or
• a sedative–alprazolam, midazolam, or triazolam.

Tell your doctor if you have ever had:

• liver problems;
• long QT syndrome (in you or a family member); or
• problems with your adrenal gland.

It is not known whether this medicine will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant.

You should not breast-feed while using this medicine.

Do not give this medicine to a child without medical advice.

How should I take ketoconazole?

Your doctor will perform blood tests to make sure you do not have conditions that would prevent you from safely using ketoconazole.

Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed.

You may need to use ketoconazole for up to 6 months.

Use this medicine for the full prescribed length of time, even if your symptoms quickly improve. Skipping doses can increase your risk of infection that is resistant to medication. Ketoconazole will not treat a viral infection such as the flu or a common cold.

While using ketoconazole, you may need frequent blood tests to check your liver function.

Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.

Do not share this medicine with another person, even if they have the same symptoms you have.

What happens if I miss a dose?

Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time.

What happens if I overdose?

Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line .

What should I avoid while taking ketoconazole?

Do not drink alcohol. Dangerous side effects could occur.

Ketoconazole could make you sunburn more easily. Avoid sunlight or tanning beds. Wear protective clothing and use sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) when you are outdoors.

What other drugs will affect ketoconazole?

Some medicines can make it harder for your body to absorb ketoconazole. If you take an antacid, take it 1 hour before or 2 hours after you take ketoconazole. Tell your doctor if you also take a stomach acid reducer, such as Nexium, Prevacid, Prilosec, Protonix, Zantac, and others.

Sometimes it is not safe to use certain medications at the same time. Some drugs can affect your blood levels of other drugs you take, which may increase side effects or make the medications less effective.

Ketoconazole can cause a serious heart problem. Your risk may be higher if you also use certain other medicines for infections, asthma, heart problems, high blood pressure, depression, mental illness, cancer, malaria, or HIV.